Save Store Files In SqlServer Database AspNet

Upload and Save Or Store Files In Ms Sql Server Database using fileupload control in Asp.Net.

In this post i'm explaining how to save or store and retrieve pdf,word,excel,jpeg,gif,png files in MS sqlserver database using fileupload in asp.net.

I'll also explain how to retrieve files from sql database for users to download.

For this example i have created a sample database with table name SaveDoc to save documents in it. table schema is shown below in image.

Read Display Images In GridView From SqlServer DataBase Asp.Net to know how to save and retrieve images in sql database and display them in gridview using handler.

For uploading and saving files to database we need to use Fileupload control, so drag and place one fileupload control and one button on the aspx page in design mode.

Place one label on the page to display success or failure message, and one gridview to display uploaded documents and provide link to download document files.

I have added one button field in gridview to provide download link to file shown in respective row of gridview and this gridview is populated by sqlDataSource.

HTML SOURCE OF THE PAGE

<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:FileUpload ID="FileUpload1" runat="server"/>
<asp:Button ID="btnUpload" runat="server"  
            onclick="btnUpload_Click" 
            Text="Upload"/>
</div>
<br/>
<asp:Label ID="lblMessage" runat="server">
</asp:Label><br /><br /><br />
      
<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" 
              AutoGenerateColumns="False" 
              DataSourceID="SqlDataSource1" 
              onrowcommand="GridView1_RowCommand" 
              DataKeyNames="DocID">
<Columns>
<asp:BoundField DataField="DocID" HeaderText="DocID" 
                InsertVisible="False" 
                ReadOnly="True" 
                SortExpression="DocID" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="DocName" 
                HeaderText="DocName" 
                SortExpression="DocName" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="Type" HeaderText="Type" 
                SortExpression="Type" />
            
<asp:ButtonField ButtonType="Image"  
                ImageUrl="~/download.png" 
                CommandName="Download" 
                HeaderText="Download" />
</Columns>
</asp:GridView>
<asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource1" runat="server" 
ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:ConnectionString %>" 
SelectCommand="SELECT [DocID], [DocName], [Type] 
               FROM [SaveDoc]">
</asp:SqlDataSource>
</form>

To upload and save files in database write code mentioned below in Click event of upload button we placed on aspx page.

C# CODE

using System.IO;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Configuration;

protected void btnUpload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        //Check whether FileUpload control has file 
        if (FileUpload1.HasFile)
        {
            string fileName = Path.GetFileName(FileUpload1.PostedFile.FileName);
            string fileExtension = Path.GetExtension(FileUpload1.PostedFile.FileName);
            string documentType = string.Empty;

            //provide document type based on it's extension
            switch (fileExtension)
            {
                case ".pdf":
                    documentType = "application/pdf";
                    break;
                case ".xls":
                    documentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
                    break;
                case ".xlsx":
                    documentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
                    break;
                case ".doc":
                    documentType = "application/vnd.ms-word";
                    break;
                case ".docx":
                    documentType = "application/vnd.ms-word";
                    break;
                case ".gif":
                    documentType = "image/gif";
                    break;
                case ".png":
                    documentType = "image/png";
                    break;
                case ".jpg":
                    documentType = "image/jpg";
                    break;
            }

            //Calculate size of file to be uploaded
            int fileSize = FileUpload1.PostedFile.ContentLength;

            //Create array and read the file into it
            byte[] documentBinary = new byte[fileSize];
            FileUpload1.PostedFile.InputStream.Read(documentBinary, 0, fileSize);

            // Create SQL Connection 
            SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection();
            con.ConnectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConnectionString"].ConnectionString;

            // Create SQL Command and Sql Parameters 
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
            cmd.CommandText = "INSERT INTO SaveDoc(DocName,Type,DocData)" +
                              " VALUES (@DocName,@Type,@DocData)";
            cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
            cmd.Connection = con;

            SqlParameter DocName = new SqlParameter("@DocName", SqlDbType.VarChar, 50);
            DocName.Value = fileName.ToString();
            cmd.Parameters.Add(DocName);

            SqlParameter Type = new SqlParameter("@Type", SqlDbType.VarChar, 50);
            Type.Value = documentType.ToString();
            cmd.Parameters.Add(Type);

            SqlParameter uploadedDocument = new SqlParameter("@DocData", SqlDbType.Binary,fileSize);
            uploadedDocument.Value = documentBinary;
            cmd.Parameters.Add(uploadedDocument);

            con.Open();
            int result = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            con.Close();
            if (result > 0)
                lblMessage.Text = "File saved to database";
            GridView1.DataBind();
        }
    }

VB.NET CODE

Protected Sub btnUpload_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)
 'Check whether FileUpload control has file 
 If FileUpload1.HasFile Then
  Dim fileName As String = Path.GetFileName(FileUpload1.PostedFile.FileName)
  Dim fileExtension As String = Path.GetExtension(FileUpload1.PostedFile.FileName)
  Dim documentType As String = String.Empty

  'provide document type based on it's extension
  Select Case fileExtension
   Case ".pdf"
    documentType = "application/pdf"
    Exit Select
   Case ".xls"
    documentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel"
    Exit Select
   Case ".xlsx"
    documentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel"
    Exit Select
   Case ".doc"
    documentType = "application/vnd.ms-word"
    Exit Select
   Case ".docx"
    documentType = "application/vnd.ms-word"
    Exit Select
   Case ".gif"
    documentType = "image/gif"
    Exit Select
   Case ".png"
    documentType = "image/png"
    Exit Select
   Case ".jpg"
    documentType = "image/jpg"
    Exit Select
  End Select

  'Calculate size of file to be uploaded
  Dim fileSize As Integer = FileUpload1.PostedFile.ContentLength

  'Create array and read the file into it
  Dim documentBinary As Byte() = New Byte(fileSize - 1) {}
  FileUpload1.PostedFile.InputStream.Read(documentBinary, 0, fileSize)

  ' Create SQL Connection 
  Dim con As New SqlConnection()
  con.ConnectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings("ConnectionString").ConnectionString

  ' Create SQL Command and Sql Parameters 
  Dim cmd As New SqlCommand()
  cmd.CommandText = "INSERT INTO SaveDoc(DocName,Type,DocData)" & " VALUES (@DocName,@Type,@DocData)"
  cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text
  cmd.Connection = con

  Dim DocName As New SqlParameter("@DocName", SqlDbType.VarChar, 50)
  DocName.Value = fileName.ToString()
  cmd.Parameters.Add(DocName)

  Dim Type As New SqlParameter("@Type", SqlDbType.VarChar, 50)
  Type.Value = documentType.ToString()
  cmd.Parameters.Add(Type)

  Dim uploadedDocument As New SqlParameter("@DocData", SqlDbType.Binary, fileSize)
  uploadedDocument.Value = documentBinary
  cmd.Parameters.Add(uploadedDocument)

  con.Open()
  Dim result As Integer = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery()
  con.Close()
  If result > 0 Then
   lblMessage.Text = "File saved to database"
  End If
  GridView1.DataBind()
 End If
End Sub

To retrieve files from database for download in click of download button we put in gridview, we need to write code mentioned below in RowCommand Event of gridview

c# CODE

protected void GridView1_RowCommand(object sender, GridViewCommandEventArgs e)
    {
        if (e.CommandName == "Download")
        {
            string fileName = string.Empty;
            int index = Convert.ToInt32(e.CommandArgument);
            GridViewRow row = GridView1.Rows[index];
            int documentID = Convert.ToInt32(GridView1.DataKeys[index].Value);
            SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConnectionString"].ConnectionString);
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("SELECT DocName,DocData FROM SaveDoc WHERE DocID = " + documentID, con);
            con.Open();
            SqlDataReader dReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
            while (dReader.Read())
            {
                fileName = dReader["DocName"].ToString();
                byte[] documentBinary = (byte[])dReader["DocData"];
                FileStream fStream = new FileStream(Server.MapPath("Docs") + @"\" + fileName, FileMode.Create);
                fStream.Write(documentBinary, 0, documentBinary.Length);
                fStream.Close();
                fStream.Dispose();
            }
            con.Close();
            Response.Redirect(@"Docs\" + fileName);
        }
    }

VB.NET CODE

Protected Sub GridView1_RowCommand(sender As Object, e As GridViewCommandEventArgs)
 If e.CommandName = "Download" Then
  Dim fileName As String = String.Empty
  Dim index As Integer = Convert.ToInt32(e.CommandArgument)
  Dim row As GridViewRow = GridView1.Rows(index)
  Dim documentID As Integer = Convert.ToInt32(GridView1.DataKeys(index).Value)
  Dim con As New SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings("ConnectionString").ConnectionString)
  Dim cmd As New SqlCommand("SELECT DocName,DocData FROM SaveDoc WHERE DocID = " & documentID, con)
  con.Open()
  Dim dReader As SqlDataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader()
  While dReader.Read()
   fileName = dReader("DocName").ToString()
   Dim documentBinary As Byte() = DirectCast(dReader("DocData"), Byte())
   Dim fStream As New FileStream(Server.MapPath("Docs") & "\" & fileName, FileMode.Create)
   fStream.Write(documentBinary, 0, documentBinary.Length)
   fStream.Close()
   fStream.Dispose()
  End While
  con.Close()
  Response.Redirect("Docs\" & fileName)
 End If
End Sub

Build and run the application.

Download Sample Code

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